Temporomandibular joint disorders Introduction   Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJD) refer to any pain in the jaw or face that occurs in or around the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).  This condition can include pain from the muscles of mastication (medial and lateral pterygoids, masseter, and temporalis), the overlying fascia, or any combination of the joint, muscles, and fascia. The main classifications of Temporomandibular joint disorders include: internal joint derangement (dislocation) myofascial pain syndrome agenesis (no bone) hyper and hypo-plasia of the condyle fusion of the joint or ankylosis and arthritis. For the purpose of this article discussion will be focused on internal joint derangement (dislocation), myofascial pain syndrome, and arthritis of the temporomandibular joint.   Internal joint derangement is the dislocation of the articular disk (cartilage) in between the bones.  It is displaced anteriorly and then pops back in during the opening-closing cycle of the mouth.  It can also remain anterior and not pop back into place, which results in a decreased range of motion for the temporomandibular joint.  Internal joint derangement affects about 1/3 of the population at some point in time.  It affects men and women equally.   Myofascial pain syndrome is the most common disorder of the temporomandibular joint.  It is the result of bruxism, or grinding and clinching the jaw, usually at night.  It affects women more than men.  Occurrence peaks in the 20's then again during perimenopause.   Arthritis is another disorder of the temporomandibular joint.  Several different variations of arthritis can occur and include; infectious, degenerative, and rheumatoid. Degenerative, or osteoarthritis, of the temporomandibular joint occurs primarily in individuals over the age of 50.  The temporomandibular joint will be affected in over 50% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, though it is usually one of the last joints to be significantly affected. [1]     Temporomandibular joint disorders Symptoms   The most common symptoms of Temporomandibular joint disorders are a popping or clicking when opening and closing the mouth, and radiating pain.  Each of the different classifications can present similarly or differently, and symptoms are dependant upon the individual.  Persons with myofascial pain syndrome will often complain of soreness, headache, and decreased ability to open the mouth.  All three classifications can result in localized swelling around the joint and supporting structures. [2]     Temporomandibular joint disorders Statistics Currently it is estimated that more than ten million individuals in the US have a temporomandibular joint disorder.   Women are affected twice as often as men. [3]   Learn More About Temporomandibular joint disorders Temporomandibular joint disorders Introduction Temporomandibular joint disorders Treatment Products helpful for Temporomandibular joint disorders   Learn More

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