Vitamin C
Vitamin C promotes
tissue healing. It is also a
powerful antioxidant and enhances the
immune system. Vitamin C exerts
anti-viral and antibacterial
activity outside the body, and may
have the same actions within the
body. Vitamin C has been
used as an adjunctive
treatment for pneumonia.
It is most effective when started
the first or second day of the
infection. This water-soluble
vitamin has been shown to
lessen the severity of pneumonia
and to speed recovery times. [6]
Other studies have
shown that Vitamin C
supplementation results in a 80%
reduction in the incidence of
pneumonia in at risk patients.
Clinical research has also proven
Vitamin C's benefit upon both elderly
hospitalized patients and the
general population, as a
therapeutic and protective
nutrient. [7]
Vitamin A
Vitamin A enhances
immune function. It is an anti-viral
compound, which assists in building resistance to
certain infections. Vitamin A is extremely
beneficial for children and
elderly patients with pneumonia. In numerous studies, it has been
proven to reduce the mortality
rate of pneumonia, as well as
reducing other, less severe symptoms such as
diarrhea. [8]
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is known
to enhance immune function at
moderate doses. It is also a
potent antioxidant. When combined
with Vitamin C, studies have shown
a protective and beneficial affect
on providing a reduction in the severity of pneumonia. One study
in particular found that Vitamin E
combined with Vitamin C reduced
the morbidity associated with
pneumonia, and shortened the stay
in ICU for hospitalized patients
with severe disease. [9]
Zinc
Zinc is a
well-known mineral that is
involved in many biochemical
reactions, especially concerning the
immune system. It enhances the
immune reaction and has also
exhibited antiviral activity. Zinc
combined with Vitamin A has been shown
to reduce the incidence of pneumonia
in a population of at risk
children. [10]
Bromelain
Bromelain is a
naturally occurring enzyme from
pineapple. It is a fibrinolytic,
anti-inflammatory, and mucolytic
in nature. Bromelain is believed to enhance
antibiotic absorption in the GI
tract. This enzyme may be
especially useful in pneumonia, as
it has been shown to break-up mucous and sputum consolidated in lung tissue. In
study, bromelain has also been shown to
decrease the volume and purulence
of sputum in patients with
pneumonia. [11]
Echinacea
Echinacea is a
botanical medicine that has immune
enhancing effects. It is also
exhibits certain anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral
activities. In clinical trials,
Echinacea has been shown to
produce beneficial
effects for the treatment of
respiratory infections. It
has been equally successful as a prophylaxis agent against
infection. Echinacea may be
especially relevant for individuals with a weakened/compromised
immune system. [12]
Hydrastis
Canadensis
Hydrastis has
antimicrobial activity due to the
high level of berberine
constituents. It has also been
shown to restore integrity to the
mucous membranes of the
respiratory tract. Hydrastis has
been proven beneficial for acute
infections. Hydrastis has documented use
as an effective antimicrobial
agent, and has been used to
eliminate the primary bacteria
responsible for
causing pneumonia,
streptococcus pneumonia. [13]
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