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Candidiasis Introduction

 

Candida albicans is a yeastlike fungus that is a natural inhabitant of specific areas of the body.  Candida can be found in skin tissues, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, female genital tract, mouth, and throat. However, when certain conditions weaken the immune system, an overgrowth of Candida albicans may occurThis overgrowth often results in an infection known as Candidiasis

 

Candidiasis most commonly results from prolonged antibiotics use, which suppresses the immune system and the normal intestinal bacteria which prevent yeast overgrowth.  Other risk factors that increase the chances of developing candidiasis include recent surgery, extensive burns, intravenous drugs, long-term urinary catheters or intravenous catheters, corticosteroid drugs, chemotherapy, nutrient deficiencies, and poor diet.  Candidiasis can affect nearly every system of the body. Locations of possible infection include:

  • oropharyngeal candidiasis (thrush)

  • GI candidiasis (infection of the gastrointestinal tract)

  • vaginal candidiasis (yeast infection)

  • esophageal candidiasis (throat infection)

  • chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (infection of the skin, nails, and mucous membranes)

  • disseminated candidiasis (infection throughout the body)

Candidiasis affects women more frequently than men.  Candidiasis can also occur in infants.  The infected mother passes on the existing infection to her newborn.  Also, persons with reduced immunity, cancer, or diabetes mellitus, can spread the fungus through the bloodstream.  It may then transport into deeper, more sensitive tissues, and cause possible life-threatening infections. 

 

Individuals suffering from chronic candidiasis will continually suffer from this complex medical syndrome.  As mentioned, this condition may result in a multitude of adverse reactions in the many vital tissues located throughout the body. 

 

 

Candidiasis Symptoms

 

The general symptoms of candidiasis may include:

  • Chronic fatigue

  • Loss of energy

  • General malaise

  • Decreased libido

If oropharyngeal candidiasis is present, symptoms may include:

  • White spots or patches on tongue or cheeks

  • Redness of the mouth and tongue

If GI candidiasis is present, symptoms may include:

  • Bloating / Gas

  • Intestinal cramps

  • Rectal itching

  • Altered bowel function

If vaginal candidiasis is present, symptoms may include:

  • Itching of the vagina

  • Thick, white vaginal discharge

  • Itching and redness of the vulva

If esophageal candidiasis is present, symptoms may include:

  • Painful swallowing

  • Difficulty swallowing

  • Chest pain

If chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is present, symptoms may include:

  • Skin rash with itchy red patches and small red bumps (such as infant's diaper rash)

  • Fingernail or toenail fungus

  • Disseminated candidiasis symptoms can be life-threatening and may include; fever and chills, rapid breathing and hear rate, lowering in systolic blood pressure, and the progression of an underlying disorder, such as AIDS or advanced cancer.

 

Candidiasis Statistics

 

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Disease (1, 2):

  • An estimated 8 cases per 100,000 persons within the general population will contract some form of candidiasis.
     

  • Candidiasis represents the fourth most common cause of nosocomial bloodstream infections.
     

  • There is nearly a 50% mortality rate of those with bloodstream and disseminated Candidasis.
     

  • About 75% of all women will have at least one genital yeast infection (VVC) in their lifetime.

 

Learn More About Candidiasis
  oral candidiasis
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oral candidiasis

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