DHA Required for Normal Brain Function

Category: Conditions of the Brain , Diet and Nutrition , Dietary Supplements , Women's Health

Numerous studies have examined the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on various aspects of brain function. A new study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2005;82(2):281-295) reviews the evidence and concludes that the bulk of research shows that increases in brain levels of DHA are associated with improved cognitive or behavioral function. DHA is found in cold-water fish like salmon and cod, and also in varying levels in human breast milk (reflecting differences in dietary habits). DHA can also be made in the body by conversion from the essential fatty acid, a-linolenic acid (ALA), although in some people this process is impaired. It is unknown how effective young infants are at completing this transformation, which is why breastfeeding is so important.

In this review, results from both human and animal studies were examined. The researchers looked at studies with supplementation and deprivation (in animals) and state, "We consider that animal studies provide the most convincing and consistent evidence linking a decrease in brain concentrations of DHA to altered performance on cognitive or behavioral tests." These results provide the most credible data supporting a cause-effect relationship, pointing to the need for supplementation of DHA in all infant formula.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women should ensure they have an optimal intake of essential fatty acids, especially DHA, and should take special care to use only supplements that do not contain mercury, lead and PCBs (common contaminants found in fish oil supplements). Pregnant women should not take fish oil supplements containing high levels of vitamin A, which can produce birth defects. Consult your pre-natal care provider regarding safe levels of vitamin A in pregnancy.

Posted by Kristopher Foster on July 15, 2013 11:00 AM