Cold Sores are the result of
infection with Type-1 Herpes
simplex virus, although the Type-2
herpes virus can also cause cold
sores. The primary means of transmission
for the herpes
simplex virus is via skin to skin
contact with an individual who is
shedding the virus. It is
possible to transmit herpes
simplex even though there are no
visible lesions present.
Once
an infection of the Herpes virus
occurs, the virus is present for the
lifetime of the host. Factors such as stress, immune
changes, and UV exposure can
trigger reactivation of the virus
at various times and may result in
cold sore outbreaks. The
initial incubation period for herpes
simplex is 2-20 days (primary
infection), with most subsequent
outbreaks lasting 7-14 days. It is
also known that hormonal
fluctuations, like those of menstruation and pregnancy, can
also stimulate cold sore
outbreaks. [1]
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Cold Sore Signs and Symptoms
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Herpes labialis (Cold Sores)
outbreaks often have a "prodromal"
phase which occurs before the
actual sore develops. This prodrome takes the form of a
tingling or itching sensation at
the sight of the future lesion.
Cold
sores appear as red spots on the
skin that soon give rise to clear
blisters (vesicles) that are most
commonly grouped together and can
be quite painful. As the cold sore
progresses, the blisters may become
filled with pus and later the
overlying skin will slough off and
leave behind an ulceration in the
skin. This ulceration later
becomes crusted over and is prone
to secondary infection. [2] It is common for general symptoms
such as fever, headache, and
swollen lymph nodes to be present.
Caution: any
cold sores that occur on the upper
part of the face or near the eyes
must immediately be referred to a
qualified health practitioner as
this can lead to serious
complications.
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Learn More About
Cold Sore |
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